/* ==========================================================================
   kumarsonal.com — one stylesheet for every page
   Palette: warm paper + ink, sodium-amber accent, one hue per element.
   Element hues (Al, Zn, Mg, Na) are validated for colour-vision deficiency
   in both themes; keep their order and values together if you change them.
   ========================================================================== */

:root {
  --paper: #f6f3ec;
  --surface: #fffdf8;
  --surface-2: #efeadf;
  --ink: #16181d;
  --ink-2: #474c56;
  --ink-3: #6f737b;
  --line: #ddd6c8;
  --line-2: #cbc3b2;
  --accent: #c97c00;
  --accent-ink: #8a5300;
  --accent-soft: #f5e4c3;

  --al: #3f72c4;
  --zn: #1f9a8a;
  --mg: #7b61c9;
  --na: #c97c00;
  --li: #a7a9ae;
  --multi: #16181d;
  --other: #b3ab9c;

  --font-display: "Fraunces", "Iowan Old Style", Georgia, serif;
  --font-body: "Inter", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
  --font-mono: "JetBrains Mono", ui-monospace, "Cascadia Code", Consolas, monospace;

  --max: 1180px;
  --gutter: clamp(16px, 4vw, 48px);
  --radius: 18px;
  --radius-sm: 10px;
  --shadow: 0 1px 2px rgb(22 24 29 / 0.05), 0 12px 32px -16px rgb(22 24 29 / 0.22);
  --ease: cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.7, 0.2, 1);
  color-scheme: light;
}

@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) {
    --paper: #0e1013;
    --surface: #15181d;
    --surface-2: #1c2026;
    --ink: #ede9e1;
    --ink-2: #b6b1a7;
    --ink-3: #8a857c;
    --line: #262a31;
    --line-2: #353a43;
    --accent: #f0ad3a;
    --accent-ink: #f3b955;
    --accent-soft: #33260f;
    --al: #5b8fe0;
    --zn: #26a090;
    --mg: #9179e0;
    --na: #c08512;
    --li: #5d6068;
    --multi: #ede9e1;
    --other: #5a5751;
    --shadow: 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.3), 0 16px 40px -18px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.7);
    color-scheme: dark;
  }
}
:root[data-theme="dark"] {
  --paper: #0e1013;
  --surface: #15181d;
  --surface-2: #1c2026;
  --ink: #ede9e1;
  --ink-2: #b6b1a7;
  --ink-3: #8a857c;
  --line: #262a31;
  --line-2: #353a43;
  --accent: #f0ad3a;
  --accent-ink: #f3b955;
  --accent-soft: #33260f;
  --al: #5b8fe0;
  --zn: #26a090;
  --mg: #9179e0;
  --na: #c08512;
  --li: #5d6068;
  --multi: #ede9e1;
  --other: #5a5751;
  --shadow: 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.3), 0 16px 40px -18px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.7);
  color-scheme: dark;
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- base */

*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 88px; }
body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font: 400 1.0625rem/1.65 var(--font-body);
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}
img, svg { display: block; max-width: 100%; }
a { color: inherit; text-decoration-color: color-mix(in srgb, currentColor 35%, transparent); text-underline-offset: 0.2em; }
a:hover { text-decoration-color: currentColor; }
:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 3px; border-radius: 4px; }
::selection { background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--ink); }
h1, h2, h3, h4 { margin: 0; font-weight: 500; line-height: 1.12; text-wrap: balance; }
p { margin: 0; }
ul, ol { margin: 0; padding: 0; list-style: none; }
button { font: inherit; color: inherit; }

.wrap { width: min(var(--max), 100% - 2 * var(--gutter)); margin-inline: auto; }
.sr-only { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); white-space: nowrap; }
.skip { position: absolute; left: 12px; top: -60px; z-index: 100; padding: 10px 14px; background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); border-radius: 8px; }
.skip:focus { top: 12px; }

.mono-label {
  font: 500 0.72rem/1.4 var(--font-mono);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
}
.display {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144;
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
}
.display em, .sec-head h2 em, .page-hero h1 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--accent-ink); font-weight: 400; }
.lede { font-size: clamp(1.08rem, 1.6vw, 1.22rem); line-height: 1.6; color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 62ch; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- header */

.site-header {
  position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 50;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 82%, transparent);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(1.4) blur(14px);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: saturate(1.4) blur(14px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  transition: border-color 0.3s;
}
.site-header.is-scrolled { border-bottom-color: var(--line); }
.site-header__inner { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 24px; height: 68px; }

.brand { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; text-decoration: none; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
.brand__tile {
  display: grid; place-items: center;
  width: 34px; height: 34px; border-radius: 8px;
  background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper);
  font: 500 1.02rem/1 var(--font-display);
  box-shadow: inset 0 -3px 0 var(--accent);
}

.nav { margin-left: auto; }
.nav__list { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 2px; }
.nav__list a {
  display: block; padding: 8px 12px; border-radius: 999px;
  font-size: 0.92rem; color: var(--ink-2); text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.2s, background-color 0.2s;
}
.nav__list a:hover { color: var(--ink); background: var(--surface-2); }
.nav__list a[aria-current="page"] { color: var(--ink); background: var(--surface-2); }
.nav__list .nav__cta { color: var(--paper); background: var(--ink); margin-left: 8px; }
.nav__list .nav__cta:hover { color: var(--paper); background: var(--ink); opacity: 0.86; }

.site-header__tools { display: flex; gap: 6px; }
.icon-btn {
  display: grid; place-items: center; width: 40px; height: 40px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 999px; background: var(--surface);
  cursor: pointer; transition: border-color 0.2s;
}
.icon-btn:hover { border-color: var(--line-2); }
.icon-btn svg { width: 18px; height: 18px; fill: none; stroke: currentColor; stroke-width: 1.7; stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; }
.theme-toggle .i-moon { display: none; }
:root[data-theme="dark"] .theme-toggle .i-sun { display: none; }
:root[data-theme="dark"] .theme-toggle .i-moon { display: block; }
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) .theme-toggle .i-sun { display: none; }
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) .theme-toggle .i-moon { display: block; }
}
.nav-toggle { display: none; }

@media (max-width: 1020px) {
  .nav-toggle { display: grid; }
  .site-header__tools { margin-left: auto; }
  .nav {
    position: fixed; inset: 68px 0 auto 0; margin: 0;
    background: var(--paper); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
    padding: 8px var(--gutter) 20px;
    transform: translateY(-8px); opacity: 0; visibility: hidden;
    transition: opacity 0.2s, transform 0.2s var(--ease), visibility 0.2s;
  }
  .nav.is-open { transform: none; opacity: 1; visibility: visible; }
  .nav__list { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; gap: 0; }
  .nav__list a { padding: 13px 4px; border-radius: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 1.05rem; }
  .nav__list a:hover, .nav__list a[aria-current="page"] { background: none; }
  .nav__list .nav__cta { margin: 14px 0 0; text-align: center; border-radius: 999px; border: 0; }
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- buttons & links */

.btn {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
  padding: 13px 22px; border-radius: 999px;
  font-weight: 550; font-size: 0.97rem; text-decoration: none;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink); background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper);
  transition: transform 0.2s var(--ease), background-color 0.2s, color 0.2s;
}
.btn:hover { transform: translateY(-1px); }
.btn .arr { transition: transform 0.2s var(--ease); }
.btn:hover .arr { transform: translateX(3px); }
.btn--ghost { background: transparent; color: var(--ink); border-color: var(--line-2); }
.btn--ghost:hover { border-color: var(--ink); }

.profiles { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
.profiles a {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px;
  padding: 6px 12px; border-radius: 999px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--surface);
  font: 500 0.78rem/1.4 var(--font-mono); letter-spacing: 0.02em; color: var(--ink-2); text-decoration: none;
  transition: border-color 0.2s, color 0.2s;
}
.profiles a:hover { border-color: var(--ink-3); color: var(--ink); }
.profiles a::after { content: "↗"; color: var(--ink-3); }

.text-link { font-weight: 550; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 1.5px solid var(--accent); padding-bottom: 1px; }
.text-link:hover { color: var(--accent-ink); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- element tiles */

.el {
  --c: var(--ink);
  position: relative; display: inline-grid; grid-template-rows: auto 1fr auto;
  width: 74px; height: 82px; padding: 7px 8px 6px;
  border-radius: 12px; background: var(--surface);
  border: 1.5px solid var(--c);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 0 -3px color-mix(in srgb, var(--c) 18%, transparent);
  font-family: var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink);
  transition: transform 0.25s var(--ease);
}
.el__z { font-size: 0.66rem; line-height: 1; color: var(--ink-3); }
.el__sym { align-self: center; font: 500 1.75rem/1 var(--font-display); letter-spacing: -0.02em; color: var(--c); }
.el__q { position: absolute; top: 6px; right: 8px; font-size: 0.66rem; line-height: 1; font-weight: 600; color: var(--c); }
.el__name { font-size: 0.56rem; line-height: 1; letter-spacing: 0.04em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; }
.el--na { --c: var(--na); }
.el--mg { --c: var(--mg); }
.el--al { --c: var(--al); }
.el--zn { --c: var(--zn); }
.el--ai { --c: var(--ink); border-style: dashed; }
.el--li { --c: var(--li); opacity: 0.75; }
.el--li .el__sym { text-decoration: line-through; text-decoration-thickness: 2px; }
.el--sm { width: 56px; height: 62px; padding: 5px 6px; border-radius: 10px; }
.el--sm .el__sym { font-size: 1.35rem; }
.el--sm .el__name { display: none; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- hero */

.hero { position: relative; padding: clamp(40px, 7vw, 96px) 0 clamp(72px, 9vw, 120px); isolation: isolate; }
.hero::before { /* graph-paper grid, fading out */
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; z-index: -2;
  background-image:
    linear-gradient(var(--line) 1px, transparent 1px),
    linear-gradient(90deg, var(--line) 1px, transparent 1px);
  background-size: 44px 44px;
  opacity: 0.5;
  mask-image: radial-gradient(ellipse 80% 70% at 70% 30%, #000 20%, transparent 75%);
  -webkit-mask-image: radial-gradient(ellipse 80% 70% at 70% 30%, #000 20%, transparent 75%);
}
.hero__curve { position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; height: 120px; z-index: -1; width: 100%; pointer-events: none; }
.hero__curve path { fill: none; stroke: var(--accent); stroke-width: 1.5; vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke; opacity: 0.4; }
.hero__grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.15fr) minmax(0, 0.85fr); gap: clamp(32px, 5vw, 72px); align-items: center; }
.hero__kicker { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom: 26px; }
.hero__kicker .dot { width: 6px; height: 6px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--line-2); }
.hero h1 { font-size: clamp(2.9rem, 7.4vw, 6rem); line-height: 0.98; margin-bottom: 28px; word-spacing: 0.06em; }
.hero h1 em { position: relative; white-space: nowrap; }
.hero .lede { margin-bottom: 34px; }
.hero__actions { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 12px; margin-bottom: 30px; }

.hero__visual { position: relative; padding-left: 52px; }
.portrait {
  position: relative; margin: 0; aspect-ratio: 4 / 5; border-radius: 30px; overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--surface-2); box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}
.portrait img { width: 100%; height: 100%; object-fit: cover; object-position: 50% 30%; }
.hero__tiles { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 7%; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; z-index: 2; }
.hero__tiles .el { box-shadow: var(--shadow); }
.hero__tiles .el:hover { transform: translateX(4px) rotate(-2deg); }
.status-card {
  position: absolute; right: -14px; bottom: 26px; z-index: 2;
  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px;
  padding: 12px 16px; border-radius: 14px;
  background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line); box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  font-size: 0.86rem; line-height: 1.35; max-width: 260px;
}
.status-card b { display: block; font-weight: 600; }
.pulse { position: relative; flex: none; width: 9px; height: 9px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--zn); }
.pulse::after { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: -5px; border-radius: 50%; border: 2px solid var(--zn); opacity: 0; animation: pulse 2.4s var(--ease) infinite; }
@keyframes pulse { 0% { transform: scale(0.5); opacity: 0.8; } 100% { transform: scale(1.4); opacity: 0; } }

/* tooltip used by tiles, timeline dots and capacity bars */
.tip {
  position: fixed; z-index: 90; pointer-events: none;
  max-width: 280px; padding: 10px 12px; border-radius: 10px;
  background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper);
  font-size: 0.82rem; line-height: 1.4; box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  opacity: 0; transform: translateY(4px); transition: opacity 0.15s, transform 0.15s;
}
.tip.is-on { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
.tip b { display: block; font-weight: 600; }
.tip span { opacity: 0.72; font-size: 0.76rem; }

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .hero__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .hero__visual { padding-left: 0; max-width: 440px; width: 100%; margin-inline: auto; }
  .hero__tiles { position: static; flex-direction: row; justify-content: center; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: -40px; position: relative; }
  .hero__tiles .el { width: 58px; height: 66px; }
  .hero__tiles .el .el__sym { font-size: 1.4rem; }
  .hero__tiles .el .el__name { display: none; }
  .status-card { position: relative; right: auto; bottom: auto; margin: 18px auto 0; max-width: none; width: fit-content; }
  .hero__curve { height: 70px; opacity: 0.7; }
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- stats band */

.stats { border-block: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--surface); }
.stats__list { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(5, 1fr); }
.stats__list li { padding: 26px 20px; border-left: 1px solid var(--line); display: grid; gap: 4px; }
.stats__list li:first-child { border-left: 0; padding-left: 0; }
.stat__num { font: 400 clamp(2rem, 3.6vw, 2.8rem)/1 var(--font-display); letter-spacing: -0.03em; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.stat__label { font: 500 0.72rem/1.4 var(--font-mono); letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); }
.stats__note { padding: 0 0 14px; font: 0.72rem/1.4 var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink-3); }
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .stats__list { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); }
  .stats__list li { padding: 20px 0 20px 16px; border-left: 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .stats__list li:nth-child(odd) { padding-left: 0; }
  .stats__list li:nth-child(even) { border-left: 1px solid var(--line); }
  .stats__list li:first-child { grid-column: 1 / -1; border-top: 0; }
  .stats__list li:first-child + li { border-left: 0; padding-left: 0; }
  .stats__list li:nth-child(3) { border-left: 1px solid var(--line); padding-left: 16px; }
  .stats__list li:nth-child(4) { border-left: 0; padding-left: 0; }
  .stats__list li:nth-child(5) { border-left: 1px solid var(--line); padding-left: 16px; }
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- sections */

.section { padding: clamp(72px, 10vw, 128px) 0; }
.section + .section { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.section--tint { background: var(--surface); }
.sec-head { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 200px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 16px 40px; margin-bottom: clamp(40px, 6vw, 64px); }
.sec-head .eyebrow { padding-top: 0.7em; }
.sec-head h2 { font: 400 clamp(2rem, 4.4vw, 3.4rem)/1.06 var(--font-display); letter-spacing: -0.025em; max-width: 20ch; }
.sec-head .lede { grid-column: 2; }
.eyebrow { display: flex; gap: 10px; align-items: baseline; font: 500 0.75rem/1.4 var(--font-mono); letter-spacing: 0.08em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); }
.eyebrow b { color: var(--accent-ink); font-weight: 600; }
@media (max-width: 760px) {
  .sec-head { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .sec-head .eyebrow { padding-top: 0; }
  .sec-head .lede { grid-column: 1; }
}

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- research areas */

.areas { display: grid; gap: 20px; }
.area {
  --c: var(--ink);
  position: relative; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 200px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 24px 40px;
  padding: clamp(24px, 4vw, 44px); border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line);
  overflow: hidden;
}
.area::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 0; top: 0; bottom: 0; width: 4px; background: var(--c); }
.area--multi { --c: var(--al); }
.area--multi::before { background: linear-gradient(var(--zn), var(--mg) 50%, var(--al)); }
.area--na { --c: var(--na); }
.area--ai { --c: var(--ink); }
.area--ai::before { background: repeating-linear-gradient(var(--ink) 0 8px, transparent 8px 14px); }
.area__side { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 18px; }
.area__num { font: 400 3.4rem/1 var(--font-display); color: var(--line-2); letter-spacing: -0.04em; }
.area__tiles { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 8px; }
.area__body h3 { font: 450 clamp(1.6rem, 2.8vw, 2.1rem)/1.12 var(--font-display); letter-spacing: -0.02em; margin-bottom: 14px; }
.area__body > p { color: var(--ink-2); max-width: 64ch; }
.area__body > p + p { margin-top: 12px; }
.area__status { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; margin-bottom: 14px; padding: 4px 10px 4px 8px; border-radius: 999px; background: var(--surface-2); font: 500 0.7rem/1.4 var(--font-mono); letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-2); }
.keywords { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; margin-top: 22px; }
.keywords li { padding: 5px 11px; border-radius: 999px; border: 1px solid var(--line); font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--ink-2); }
.area__cols { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 0.9fr); gap: 32px; margin-top: 28px; padding-top: 28px; border-top: 1px dashed var(--line-2); }
.mini-pubs { display: grid; gap: 12px; }
.mini-pubs a { display: grid; gap: 2px; text-decoration: none; padding-left: 14px; border-left: 2px solid var(--line); transition: border-color 0.2s; }
.mini-pubs a:hover { border-left-color: var(--c); }
.mini-pubs b { font-weight: 550; font-size: 0.95rem; line-height: 1.35; }
.mini-pubs span { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--ink-3); font-style: italic; }
.area .text-link { display: inline-block; margin-top: 20px; }
@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .area { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .area__side { flex-direction: row; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; }
  .area__num { font-size: 2.4rem; }
  .area__cols { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

/* capacity chart: horizontal bars, one per metal anode */
.cap figcaption { margin-bottom: 14px; }
.cap figcaption b { display: block; font-weight: 600; font-size: 0.95rem; }
.cap figcaption span { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--ink-3); }
.cap__rows { display: grid; gap: 8px; }
.cap__row { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 30px 1fr 52px; align-items: center; gap: 10px; font-size: 0.82rem; cursor: default; }
.cap__sym { font: 600 0.82rem/1 var(--font-mono); }
.cap__track { display: block; height: 14px; }
.cap__bar { display: block; height: 100%; width: var(--w); border-radius: 0 4px 4px 0; background: var(--c, var(--ink-3)); transform-origin: left; transition: opacity 0.2s; }
.cap__val { text-align: right; font: 0.78rem/1 var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink-2); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.cap__rows:hover .cap__row:not(:hover) .cap__bar { opacity: 0.45; }
.cap__src { margin-top: 12px; font-size: 0.72rem; color: var(--ink-3); }
.js .reveal-bars .cap__bar { transform: scaleX(0); transition: transform 0.9s var(--ease), opacity 0.2s; }
.js .reveal-bars.is-in .cap__bar { transform: scaleX(1); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- publications */

.pubs { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.pub {
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: 64px minmax(0, 1fr) auto; gap: 8px 28px; align-items: start;
  padding: 24px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.pub[hidden] { display: none; }
.pub__year { font: 500 0.85rem/1.9 var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink-3); }
.pub__title { font: 450 1.2rem/1.32 var(--font-display); letter-spacing: -0.01em; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.pub__title a { text-decoration: none; background: linear-gradient(var(--accent), var(--accent)) 0 100% / 0 1.5px no-repeat; transition: background-size 0.35s var(--ease); }
.pub__title a:hover { background-size: 100% 1.5px; }
.pub__authors { font-size: 0.88rem; color: var(--ink-3); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.pub__authors strong { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; white-space: nowrap; }
.pub__more { font-style: italic; }
.pub__meta { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 6px 8px; font-size: 0.88rem; }
.pub__venue { color: var(--accent-ink); margin-right: 4px; }
.pub__cites { font: 0.78rem/1.9 var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink-3); white-space: nowrap; text-align: right; }
.pub__cites b { font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink); font-size: 0.95rem; }
.chip {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px; padding: 1px 8px 1px 6px; border-radius: 6px;
  font: 600 0.7rem/1.6 var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink-2); background: var(--surface-2);
}
.chip::before { content: ""; width: 7px; height: 7px; border-radius: 2px; background: var(--c, var(--ink-3)); }
.chip--al { --c: var(--al); } .chip--zn { --c: var(--zn); } .chip--mg { --c: var(--mg); } .chip--na { --c: var(--na); }
.badge { padding: 1px 8px; border-radius: 6px; font: 500 0.7rem/1.6 var(--font-mono); background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent-ink); }
.badge--quiet { background: transparent; border: 1px solid var(--line-2); color: var(--ink-3); }
@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .pub { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto; }
  .pub__year { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 1; }
  .pub__cites { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1; }
  .pub__body { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
}

.pubs-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 340px; gap: 56px; align-items: start; }
.pubs-aside { position: sticky; top: 96px; display: grid; gap: 20px; }
.card { padding: 24px; border-radius: var(--radius); border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--surface); }
.card h3 { font: 500 1.15rem/1.2 var(--font-display); margin-bottom: 4px; }
.card p { font-size: 0.9rem; color: var(--ink-2); }
@media (max-width: 960px) {
  .pubs-layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .pubs-aside { position: static; }
}

/* timeline: stacked squares per year */
.tl__legend { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px 14px; margin: 12px 0 18px; font-size: 0.76rem; color: var(--ink-2); }
.tl__legend li { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 6px; }
.tl__key { width: 10px; height: 10px; border-radius: 3px; }
.tl__cols { display: grid; grid-auto-flow: column; grid-auto-columns: 1fr; gap: 4px; align-items: end; min-height: 120px; }
.tl__col { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; gap: 6px; justify-content: flex-end; }
.tl__stack { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 2px; width: 100%; max-width: 22px; }
.tl__dot { display: block; height: 14px; border-radius: 4px; transition: transform 0.15s var(--ease); }
.tl__dot:hover, .tl__dot:focus-visible { transform: scale(1.18); }
.tl__dot--al { background: var(--al); } .tl__dot--zn { background: var(--zn); } .tl__dot--mg { background: var(--mg); }
.tl__dot--na { background: var(--na); } .tl__dot--multi { background: var(--multi); } .tl__dot--other { background: var(--other); }
.tl__year { font: 0.68rem/1 var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink-3); }
.tl__n { font: 600 0.7rem/1 var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink-2); min-height: 0.7rem; }

/* filters */
.controls { display: grid; gap: 14px; margin-bottom: 8px; }
.search {
  width: 100%; padding: 13px 16px 13px 42px; border-radius: 12px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--surface) url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24' fill='none' stroke='%23888' stroke-width='2' stroke-linecap='round'%3E%3Ccircle cx='11' cy='11' r='7'/%3E%3Cpath d='m20 20-3.5-3.5'/%3E%3C/svg%3E") 14px 50% / 18px no-repeat;
  font: inherit; font-size: 0.95rem; color: var(--ink);
}
.search:focus { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 1px; }
.filter-row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: center; gap: 8px; }
.filter {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 7px; padding: 7px 13px; border-radius: 999px;
  border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--surface); cursor: pointer;
  font: 500 0.82rem/1.2 var(--font-body); color: var(--ink-2); transition: all 0.15s;
}
.filter:hover { border-color: var(--ink-3); }
.filter[aria-pressed="true"] { background: var(--ink); border-color: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); }
.filter .sw { width: 9px; height: 9px; border-radius: 3px; background: var(--c); }
.filter[data-key="al"] { --c: var(--al); } .filter[data-key="zn"] { --c: var(--zn); }
.filter[data-key="mg"] { --c: var(--mg); } .filter[data-key="na"] { --c: var(--na); } .filter[data-key="other"] { --c: var(--other); }
.filter-row .sep { width: 1px; height: 22px; background: var(--line); margin: 0 4px; }
.select {
  padding: 7px 30px 7px 12px; border-radius: 999px; border: 1px solid var(--line);
  background: var(--surface); font: 500 0.82rem/1.2 var(--font-body); color: var(--ink-2); cursor: pointer;
}
.result-count { margin-left: auto; font: 0.78rem/1 var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink-3); }
.empty { padding: 48px 0; text-align: center; color: var(--ink-3); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- dark band (lab teaser) */

.band {
  position: relative; overflow: hidden; border-radius: 28px;
  padding: clamp(32px, 6vw, 72px);
  background: #121419; color: #ede9e1;
  display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(0, 0.9fr); gap: 40px; align-items: center;
}
.band .eyebrow { color: #8a857c; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.band .eyebrow b { color: #f0ad3a; }
.band h2 { font: 400 clamp(1.9rem, 3.8vw, 3rem)/1.08 var(--font-display); letter-spacing: -0.02em; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.band h2 em { color: #f0ad3a; }
.band p { color: #b6b1a7; max-width: 52ch; }
.band .btn { margin-top: 28px; background: #ede9e1; color: #121419; border-color: #ede9e1; }
.terminal {
  border-radius: 14px; border: 1px solid #2c3139; background: #0b0d10;
  font: 0.8rem/1.75 var(--font-mono); color: #b6b1a7; overflow: hidden;
}
.terminal__bar { display: flex; gap: 6px; padding: 10px 14px; border-bottom: 1px solid #2c3139; }
.terminal__bar i { width: 9px; height: 9px; border-radius: 50%; background: #2c3139; }
.terminal pre { margin: 0; padding: 16px 18px; white-space: pre-wrap; font: inherit; }
.terminal .k { color: #f0ad3a; } .terminal .g { color: #3fc2b3; } .terminal .d { color: #6b6760; }
.cursor { display: inline-block; width: 8px; height: 1em; vertical-align: -2px; background: #f0ad3a; animation: blink 1.1s steps(1) infinite; }
@keyframes blink { 50% { opacity: 0; } }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .band { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- about */

.about { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(0, 0.9fr); gap: clamp(40px, 6vw, 88px); }
.about__bio > p { color: var(--ink-2); font-size: 1.06rem; }
.about__bio > p + p { margin-top: 16px; }
.about__bio > p:first-child { font: 400 clamp(1.3rem, 2.2vw, 1.6rem)/1.4 var(--font-display); color: var(--ink); letter-spacing: -0.01em; }
.interests { margin-top: 28px; }
.interests .mono-label { margin-bottom: 10px; }
.cv { position: relative; display: grid; gap: 0; }
.cv li { position: relative; display: grid; grid-template-columns: 70px 1fr; gap: 16px; padding: 0 0 28px; }
.cv li::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: 85px; top: 8px; bottom: -8px; width: 1px; background: var(--line-2); }
.cv li:last-child::before { display: none; }
.cv__when { font: 500 0.78rem/1.6 var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink-3); text-align: right; padding-right: 8px; }
.cv__what { position: relative; padding-left: 22px; }
.cv__what::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: -6px; top: 6px; width: 11px; height: 11px; border-radius: 50%; background: var(--paper); border: 2px solid var(--ink-3); }
.cv li:first-child .cv__what::before { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); }
.cv__what b { display: block; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.35; }
.cv__what span { display: block; font-size: 0.92rem; color: var(--ink-2); }
.cv__what small { display: block; margin-top: 4px; font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--ink-3); }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .about { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- teaser cards */

.teasers { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 16px; }
.teaser {
  display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; min-height: 230px;
  padding: 26px; border-radius: var(--radius); border: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--surface);
  text-decoration: none; transition: transform 0.25s var(--ease), box-shadow 0.25s, border-color 0.25s;
}
.teaser:hover { transform: translateY(-3px); box-shadow: var(--shadow); border-color: var(--line-2); }
.teaser svg { width: 30px; height: 30px; fill: none; stroke: var(--accent-ink); stroke-width: 1.5; stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; margin-bottom: auto; }
.teaser h3 { font: 450 1.45rem/1.15 var(--font-display); margin-top: 28px; }
.teaser p { font-size: 0.93rem; color: var(--ink-2); }
.teaser .go { font: 500 0.75rem/1 var(--font-mono); letter-spacing: 0.06em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); margin-top: 6px; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .teasers { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } .teaser { min-height: 0; } }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- contact */

.contact { text-align: center; }
.contact .eyebrow { justify-content: center; margin-bottom: 22px; }
.contact h2 { font: 400 clamp(2.4rem, 6vw, 4.6rem)/1.02 var(--font-display); letter-spacing: -0.03em; margin-bottom: 18px; }
.contact h2 em { font-style: italic; color: var(--accent-ink); }
.contact .lede { margin: 0 auto 36px; }
.mail-big {
  display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: center;
  padding: 10px 10px 10px 26px; border-radius: 999px; border: 1px solid var(--line-2); background: var(--surface);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
}
.mail-big a { font: 450 clamp(1.05rem, 2.6vw, 1.45rem)/1.2 var(--font-display); text-decoration: none; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.copy-btn {
  padding: 10px 16px; border-radius: 999px; border: 0; background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper);
  font: 500 0.8rem/1 var(--font-mono); cursor: pointer;
}
.contact .profiles { justify-content: center; margin-top: 30px; }
@media (max-width: 520px) { .mail-big { padding: 14px 18px; border-radius: 22px; } }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- footer */

.site-footer { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); background: var(--surface); padding: 56px 0 28px; font-size: 0.92rem; }
.site-footer__grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.6fr 1fr 1fr; gap: 40px; }
.site-footer__intro p { color: var(--ink-2); margin: 16px 0; max-width: 42ch; }
.footer-mail { font-weight: 550; }
.site-footer nav .mono-label { margin-bottom: 12px; }
.site-footer nav li + li { margin-top: 6px; }
.site-footer nav a { color: var(--ink-2); text-decoration: none; }
.site-footer nav a:hover { color: var(--ink); }
.site-footer__base { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; margin-top: 48px; padding-top: 20px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); color: var(--ink-3); font-size: 0.85rem; }
@media (max-width: 760px) { .site-footer__grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; } .site-footer__intro { grid-column: 1 / -1; } }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- sub-page hero */

.page-hero { position: relative; padding: clamp(48px, 8vw, 104px) 0 clamp(36px, 5vw, 56px); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); isolation: isolate; }
.page-hero::before {
  content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; z-index: -1;
  background-image: radial-gradient(var(--line-2) 1px, transparent 1.2px);
  background-size: 22px 22px; opacity: 0.6;
  mask-image: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, #000 60%);
  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(90deg, transparent, #000 60%);
}
.page-hero .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 20px; }
.page-hero h1 { font: 400 clamp(2.6rem, 6.5vw, 5rem)/1 var(--font-display); letter-spacing: -0.03em; margin-bottom: 22px; max-width: 16ch; }
.crumbs { font: 0.78rem/1 var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink-3); margin-bottom: 28px; }
.crumbs a { text-decoration: none; }
.crumbs a:hover { color: var(--ink); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- placeholder slots */

.slots { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(min(100%, 320px), 1fr)); gap: 16px; }
.slot {
  position: relative; display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; min-height: 220px;
  padding: 26px; border-radius: var(--radius);
  border: 1.5px dashed var(--line-2); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--surface) 60%, transparent);
}
.slot__tag { align-self: flex-start; padding: 3px 9px; border-radius: 6px; background: var(--surface-2); font: 500 0.7rem/1.5 var(--font-mono); letter-spacing: 0.05em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--ink-3); }
.slot h3 { font: 450 1.35rem/1.2 var(--font-display); margin-top: 6px; }
.slot p { font-size: 0.92rem; color: var(--ink-2); }
.slot__lines { display: grid; gap: 8px; margin-top: auto; padding-top: 16px; }
.slot__lines i { height: 8px; border-radius: 4px; background: var(--surface-2); }
.slot__lines i:nth-child(2) { width: 78%; } .slot__lines i:nth-child(3) { width: 52%; }

.pillars { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 16px; }
.pillar { padding: 28px; border-radius: var(--radius); background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line); }
.pillar__n { font: 500 0.75rem/1 var(--font-mono); color: var(--accent-ink); }
.pillar h3 { font: 450 1.5rem/1.15 var(--font-display); margin: 26px 0 10px; }
.pillar p { font-size: 0.94rem; color: var(--ink-2); }
.pillar .keywords { margin-top: 18px; }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .pillars { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

.split { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 200px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 16px 40px; }
.split + .split { margin-top: clamp(56px, 8vw, 96px); }
.split h2 { font: 400 clamp(1.7rem, 3vw, 2.3rem)/1.1 var(--font-display); letter-spacing: -0.02em; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.split .lede { margin-bottom: 28px; }
@media (max-width: 760px) { .split { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- personal page */

.sample-note {
  display: flex; gap: 10px; align-items: flex-start; padding: 14px 16px; margin-bottom: 28px;
  border-radius: 12px; background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent-ink); font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.hobbies { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 16px; }
.hobby { padding: 26px; border-radius: var(--radius); background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line); }
.hobby svg { width: 34px; height: 34px; fill: none; stroke: var(--accent-ink); stroke-width: 1.5; stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; }
.hobby h3 { font: 450 1.35rem/1.2 var(--font-display); margin: 22px 0 8px; }
.hobby p { font-size: 0.93rem; color: var(--ink-2); }
@media (max-width: 860px) { .hobbies { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }

.map { position: relative; aspect-ratio: 144 / 56.8; border-radius: var(--radius); background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line); overflow: hidden; }
.map__dots {
  position: absolute; inset: 4%;
  background: var(--line-2);
  -webkit-mask: url("/assets/img/world-dots.svg") center / contain no-repeat;
  mask: url("/assets/img/world-dots.svg") center / contain no-repeat;
}
.map__pins { position: absolute; inset: 4%; }
.pin {
  position: absolute; width: 14px; height: 14px; margin: -7px 0 0 -7px; border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--accent); border: 2.5px solid var(--surface); box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--accent);
  cursor: pointer;
}
.pin::after { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: -8px; border-radius: 50%; border: 2px solid var(--accent); opacity: 0; animation: pulse 2.6s var(--ease) infinite; }
.pin--home { width: 18px; height: 18px; margin: -9px 0 0 -9px; background: var(--ink); box-shadow: 0 0 0 1px var(--ink); }
.pin--home::after { border-color: var(--ink); }
.stamps { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(min(100%, 180px), 1fr)); gap: 14px; margin-top: 20px; }
.stamp {
  position: relative; padding: 18px 18px 16px; border-radius: 6px; background: var(--surface);
  border: 2px dashed var(--line-2); display: grid; gap: 2px;
}
.stamp b { font: 500 1.2rem/1.2 var(--font-display); }
.stamp span { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--ink-2); }
.stamp small { font: 0.72rem/1.4 var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink-3); margin-top: 8px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.06em; }
.stamp--add { border-style: dotted; align-content: center; justify-items: center; text-align: center; color: var(--ink-3); background: transparent; }

.shelf {
  display: flex; align-items: flex-end; gap: 6px; padding: 0 20px; min-height: 260px;
  border-bottom: 10px solid var(--line-2); border-radius: 4px; overflow-x: auto;
  scrollbar-width: thin;
}
.book {
  --h: 220px; --w: 54px; --c: var(--ink-2);
  flex: none; display: flex; flex-direction: column; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center;
  width: var(--w); height: var(--h); padding: 14px 0 10px; border-radius: 3px 3px 0 0;
  background: var(--c); color: #fffdf8;
  box-shadow: inset -4px 0 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 0.14), inset 3px 0 0 rgb(255 255 255 / 0.12);
  transition: transform 0.25s var(--ease); text-decoration: none; cursor: default;
}
.book:hover { transform: translateY(-10px); }
.book__t { writing-mode: vertical-rl; transform: rotate(180deg); font: 500 0.95rem/1 var(--font-display); letter-spacing: 0.01em; white-space: nowrap; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; max-height: 75%; }
.book__a { font: 0.6rem/1 var(--font-mono); opacity: 0.75; writing-mode: vertical-rl; transform: rotate(180deg); }
.book--lean { transform: rotate(-7deg); transform-origin: bottom left; margin-left: 12px; }
.book--lean:hover { transform: rotate(-7deg) translateY(-10px); }

.linklist { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.linklist li { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.linklist a { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto; gap: 4px 20px; padding: 18px 0; text-decoration: none; }
.linklist b { font: 450 1.15rem/1.3 var(--font-display); }
.linklist span { grid-column: 1; font-size: 0.9rem; color: var(--ink-2); }
.linklist i { grid-column: 2; grid-row: 1 / span 2; align-self: center; font: normal 0.8rem/1 var(--font-mono); color: var(--ink-3); transition: transform 0.2s var(--ease); }
.linklist a:hover i { transform: translate(3px, -3px); color: var(--accent-ink); }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- 404 */

.notfound { min-height: 70vh; display: grid; place-items: center; text-align: center; padding: 64px 0; }
.notfound .el { width: 120px; height: 132px; margin: 0 auto 28px; padding: 12px 14px; }
.notfound .el .el__sym { font-size: 3rem; }
.notfound h1 { font: 400 clamp(2.2rem, 5vw, 3.6rem)/1.05 var(--font-display); margin-bottom: 14px; }
.notfound p { color: var(--ink-2); margin-bottom: 28px; }

/* ---------------------------------------------------------------- motion */

.js .reveal { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(18px); transition: opacity 0.8s var(--ease), transform 0.8s var(--ease); }
.js .reveal.is-in { opacity: 1; transform: none; }

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { animation: none !important; transition: none !important; }
  .js .reveal { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
  .js .reveal-bars .cap__bar { transform: none; }
}

@media print {
  .site-header, .hero__curve, .theme-toggle, .controls, .band, .teasers { display: none !important; }
  body { background: #fff; color: #000; }
}